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Introducing the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, and his honorable family, may Allah be pleased with them.
The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, is:
Abu Al-Qasim Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Abdul Muttalib bin Hashim bin Abd Manaf bin Qusayy bin Kilab bin Murrah bin Kaab bin Luay bin Ghalib bin Fahr bin Malik bin Al-Nadr bin Kinana bin Khuzaymah bin Mudrikah bin Ilyas bin Mudar bin Nizar bin Ma’ad bin Adnan.
Another of his names is Ahma,: Allah Almighty said on the tongue of Jesus, son of Mary: ﴾and giving you the good news of a messenger who will come after me, whose name will be AHmad.”﴿ [Surah As-Saff: 6]
And also among His names:
Al-Mahi, Al-Hashir, and Al-Aqib. On the authority of Jubayr bin Mut’im, on the authority of his father, that the Prophet, may Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him, said, “Indeed, I have names: I am Muhammad, I am Ahmad, I am the Eraser through whom Allah erases disbelief, I am the Gatherer by whom the people will be gathered after me, I am the Aqib, and I am the Aqib after whom there is no prophet.” Agreed.
The lineage and birth of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace:
The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, belongs to the Quraish tribe, and the Quraish tribe traces its lineage back to the Prophet of Allah, Ismail, son of our master Abraham, peace be upon them. He has an honorable and great lineage. He is one of the best tribe and the greatest country in the world. It is known that the Quraish are the best Arabs in lineage and honor.
On the authority of Wathilah bin Al-Asqa’, may Allah be pleased with him, he said: I heard the Messenger of Allah may Allah bless him and grant him peace say: “Indeed, Allah chose Kinanah from the descendants of Ismail, and He chose Quraysh from Kinanah, and from Quraysh He chose Banu Hashim. He chose me from Banu Hashim.” Sahih Muslim
His father:
Abdullah bin Abdul Muttalib. He was the most beautiful young man in the Quraysh. He lived pure and generous until he married Aminah bint Wahb, the mother of the Messenger, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.
His mother:
Amna bint Wahb bin Abd Manaf bin Zuhra bin Kilab, and Zuhra is the brother of Qusayy bin Kilab, the grandfather of the Messenger, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and her father was the master of Banu Zuhra.
His grandfather:
Abdul Muttalib bin Hashim, he was the leader of the Quraysh tribe. He was respected and revered by everyone. He was the obedient leader of Quraysh and did good to all people. He was famous for digging the Zamzam well, which provided water for people in Mecca.
His birth, may Allah bless him and grant him peace:
He, peace and blessings be upon him, was born on Monday, the 12th of the month of Rabi’ al-Awwal in the Year of the Elephant. It was said that it was Monday, the ninth of Rabi’ al-Awwal, corresponding to the Gregorian date of the twentieth of April of the year 571 AD.
His father died while he was in his mother’s womb, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.
And he, may Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him, was born on a Monday. On the authority of Abu Qatada that the Prophet, may Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him, was asked about fasting on a Monday. He said: “That is the day on which I was born, and the day on which I was sent or (the Qur’an) was revealed to me.” (Narrated by Muslim).
His birth, peace and blessings be upon him, was in the year of the Elephant.
On the authority of Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, he said: (The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was born in the year of the elephant)
The Year of the Elephant is the year in which the story of the conquest of the Kaaba occurred, when Abraha Al-Ashram Al-Abyssinian, the Emir of the Negus in Yemen, headed with his great elephant and his huge army to demolish the Holy Kaaba, the Sacred House of Allah, so Allah Almighty sent the flock of birds against them, and they were all destroyed.
Allah Almighty said: ﴾Have you not seen how your Lord dealt with the People of the Elephant? ۞ Has He not turned their plan into nullity? ۞ And He sent upon them flying birds in flocks, ۞ throwing upon them stones of baked clay, ۞ and thus He turned them into an eaten-up chaff.﴿ [Surah Al-Fîl]
The people most similar to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him.
Al-Hasan bin Ali bin Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with them, was one of the people who most resembled the Messenger of Allah, may Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him, as well as Fatima, may Allah be pleased with her, Ja’far bin Abi Talib, Al-Hasan bin Ali, Qutham bin Al-Abbas, Abu Sufyan bin Al-Harith, and Al-Sa’ib bin Ubaid, may Allah be pleased with them.
Number of children of the Messenger, peace and blessings be upon him, male and female:
The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had seven sons. Three males, four females, the mother of all of them is Mrs. Khadija, may Allah be pleased with her, except for Ibrahim. His mother is Maria the Copt, may Allah be pleased with her.
Male children:
- Al-Qasim.
He is the eldest of his children, and he was nicknamed by him, peace and blessings be upon him, so he was called Abu Al-Qasim. He was born in Mecca and died when he was young.
- Abdullah.
He is the second son of the Messenger, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. He was known as the good and pure. He was born in Mecca after the mission of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. The Prophet named him after his father Abdullah. He died a short time after the death of his brother Al-Qasim. He was also young, and was buried in Al-Hujoun area in Mecca.
- Ibrahim.
He is the last son of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, in Medina in the eighth year of the Hijra. The Prophet named him Ibrahim after his grandfather, our master Ibrahim Al-Khalil, peace be upon him, and his mother, Maria Al-Qibtiyya, may Allah be pleased with her. The Prophet sacrificed the Aqeeqah on his behalf on the seventh day of his birth. He died when he was sixteen months old. That is, one year and four months, in the tenth year of the Hijra, in the month of Rabi’ al-Awwal, and he was buried in Al-Baqi’, and he, peace and blessings be upon him, was greatly saddened on him.
Daughters of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him:
He, peace and blessings be upon him, has four daughters:
- Zainab, may Allahbe pleased with her.
Who is the eldest daughter. She was born in Mecca before the mission, and she married Abu Al-Aas bin Al-Rabi’, the son of her cousin Hala bint Khuwaylid. She converted to Islam, but he remained a disbeliever. He converted to Islam before the conquest of Mecca, and she gave birth to Ali and Umamah from Abu Al-Aas. Ali died during her life, Umamah lived until our master Ali bin Abi Talib married her after the death of Lady Fatima, may Allah be pleased with them both.
- Ruqayyah, may Allahbe pleased with her.
Was born before the mission of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and was ranked second among the four daughters. She was the wife of Utbah ibn Abi Lahab, but he did not consummate the marriage with her and then divorced her, because of the conversion to Islam of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. Then our master Othman ibn Affan married her, and she immigrated to Abyssinia. Then to Medina, and she died during the Battle of Badr in the second year of the Hijra. She gave birth to our master Othman a son named Abdullah, who died young, and after her death our master Othman married her sister, Mrs. Umm Kulthum, may Allah be pleased with her.
- Umm Kulthum, may Allahbe pleased with her.
Was married to Otaiba bin Abi Lahab, but he divorced her before consummating the marriage with her as well. She migrated with the Prophet to Medina, and after the death of her sister Ruqayyah, Othman bin Affan married her, in the third year of the Hijra, and she died, may Allah be pleased with her, in the ninth year of the Hijra.
- Fatima, may Allahbe pleased with her.
She is the youngest daughter of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and the best of the nation’s women. Our master Ali bin Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with him, the cousin of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, married her after the Battle of Uhud. She was eighteen years old, and she gave birth to five sons. Al-Hasan, Al-Hussein, Mohsen, Zainab, and Umm Kulthum. She was one of the most beloved people to the Messenger, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. She died six months after the death of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and her husband, our master Ali, and Mrs. Asma bint Umays, washed her, prayed over her, and buried her in Al-Baqi’.
Wives of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace:
Mothers of believers.
It is a term given to the wives of the Messenger, peace and blessings be upon him, as stated in the Holy Qur’an.
Allah Almighty said: ﴾The Prophet is closer to the believers than their own selves, and his wives are their mothers; and those having mutual kinship are closer to one another (for the purpose of inheritance) than (other) believers and emigrants according to the Book of Allah, unless you do some good to your friends (by making a will in their favor). This had been written in the Book (the Preserved Tablet).﴿ [Surah Al-Ahzâb: 6]
Allah has favored them over the rest of the women, as stated in Surah Al-Ahzab.
Allah said: ﴾O wives of the prophet, you are not like any other women, if you observe taqwā (righteousness). So, do not be too soft in your speech, lest someone having disease in his heart should develop fancies (about you); and do speak with appropriate words.﴿ [Surah Al-Ahzâb: 32]
- First wife:
Khadija bint Khuwaylid, may Allah be pleased with her.
She is Khadija bint Khuwaylid bin Asad bin Abd al-Uzza al-Qurayshi al-Asadiyya. She met the Messenger, peace and blessings be upon him, in his grandfather Qusay bin Kilab, and the first of his wives. He married her when she was forty years old and he was twenty-five. The Prophet did not marry anyone over her until she died, and all of his children were from her except Ibrahim, for he was one of the Maria Al-Qibtiyya, she was one of the best women in honor, lineage, and love for the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him.
- Second wife:
Sawda bint Zam’a, may Allah be pleased with her.
She is Sawda bint Zam’a bin Qais bin Abd Shams. She met the Prophet in his grandfather, Louay bin Ghalib. She immigrated to Abyssinia and her husband died and left her. She was one of the first to convert to Islam. The Prophet married her after the death of Lady Khadija. Sawda died at the end of the caliphate of Omar bin Al-Khattab, and it was said in the year 54 AH.
- Third wife:
Aisha bint Abi Bakr, may Allah be pleased with her.
The most beloved of the women to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, after Khadija, and the most knowledgeable and virtuous of the women.
Lady Aisha, may Allah Almighty be pleased with her, converted to Islam at the beginning of the call, and the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, engaged to her in Mecca, when she was six years old, and he consummated her in Medina when she was nine years old, and the Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, did not marry a virgin other than her. She died in the year 56 AH.
- Fourth wife:
Mrs. Hafsa bint Omar bin Al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with her.
She is Hafsa bint Omar bin Al-Khattab bin Nufail bin Abdul-Uzza. She used to fast and pray a lot of night prayers. He married her in the third year after the Hijra, after her husband Khanis bin Omar was martyred in the Battle of Uhud. Gabriel came to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, when the Messenger wanted to divorce her, and he said: “Do not divorce her; She fasts a lot and prays during the night, and she will be your wife in Paradise.” She died in the year 45 AH.
- Fifth wife:
Zainab bint Khuzaymah, may Allah be pleased with her.
In pre-Islamic times, she was called the Mother of the Poor, and she was one of the immigrants. Her husband, Abdullah bin Jahsh, was martyred in the Battle of Uhud, so the Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, married her in the month of Ramadan in the year four of the Hijra. She died in the fourth year, and the period of her marriage to the Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, was two or three months, and it was said that it was eight months, and the Messenger buried her. He prayed over her funeral. She was the first wife of the Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, to have the funeral prayer performed over her, because when Lady Khadija died, the funeral prayer was not prescribed.
- The sixth wife:
Umm Salamah, may Allah be pleased with her, may Allah be pleased with her.
She is Umm Salamah bint Abi Umayyah ibn al-Mughirah al-Makhzoumiya, and her name is Hind. She was the wife of the companion Abu Salamah ibn Abd al-Asad, the Prophet’s breast-brother. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, married her after the death of her husband in the fourth year of the Hijra. She was one of the first to convert to Islam. She died in the year 58 AH.
- Seventh wife:
Zainab bint Jahsh, may Allah be pleased with her.
She is Zainab bint Jahsh bin Ri’ab Al-Asadiya, the cousin of the Messenger, peace and blessings be upon him. She was married to the companion Zaid bin Haritha, the servant of the Messenger, peace and blessings be upon him. She died in the year 20 AH.
- The eighth wife:
Juwayriyah bint Al-Harith, may Allah be pleased with her.
She is Juwayriyah bint Al-Harith bin Abi Dirar Al-Khuza’i, from Banu Al-Mustaliq. The Messenger, peace and blessings be upon him, married her in the fifth year of the Hijra. She was twenty years old at the time. When the Messenger married her, the Companions released her people captive.
There is no woman who has been a greater blessing to her people than her. The Mother of the Believers, Juwayriyah, died in Medina in the year fifty, or it was said, in the year fifty-seven AH, and she was 65 years old.
- The ninth wife:
Umm Habiba, may Allah be pleased with her.
Her name is Ramla bint Abi Sufyan bin Harb. The Messenger, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, married her while she was in the land of Abyssinia in the year seven of the Hijra. Her dowry was paid by the Negus on behalf of the Messenger, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, 400 dinars. She is the sister of the companion Muawiyah and the daughter of the companion Abu Sufyan, may Allah be pleased with them all, and she is the closest wife to the Messenger of Allah by lineage. She died in the year 44 AH.
- The tenth wife:
Safiyya bint Huyay bin Al-Akhtab, may Allah be pleased with her.
She was a Jew from Banu al-Nadir. Her father was one of the Jewish masters and one of the most powerful warriors for the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. The Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, married her in the Battle of Khaybar in the seventh year of the Hijra. She saw in a dream as if the moon had fallen on her lap, so the dream was interpreted as marriage to the Messenger, peace and blessings be upon him. She died in the year 50 AH.
- The eleventh wife:
Maimuna bint Al-Harith, may Allah be pleased with her.
She is Maimuna bint al-Harith bin Hazn bin Sa`sa, the sister of Umm al-Fadl, the wife of the Prophet’s uncle, Abbas bin Abdul Muttalib. He married her in the seventh year of the Hijra during the Umrah al-Qadha. It is said that she is the one who gave herself to the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, and in it was the Qur’anic verse: ﴾and a believing woman who offers herself for (marrying) the prophet without dower, if the prophet wishes to bring her into his marriage,﴿ [Surah Al-Ahzâb: 50]. She died in the year 51 AH.
- The twelfth wife:
Maria Al-Qibtiyya, may Allah be pleased with her.
Maria the Coptic is a slave girl and slave who was given as a gift by the King of Egypt, Al-Muqawqis, to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, along with her sister Sirin. She gave birth to a son, whom he named Ibrahim, who died young. She died in the year 12 or 16 AH.
Introducing the honorable family of the Prophet:
They are family and relatives based on lineage, and also include wives.
Allah Almighty said: ﴾Allah only intends to keep (all sorts of) filth away from you, O members of the family (of the prophet), and to make you pure through a perfect purification.﴿ [Surah Al-Ahzâb: 33]
The family of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, are the ones to whom charity was forbidden, and they are the Banu Hashim, the Banu al-Muttalib, and his honorable wives.
The status of the Prophet’s family among the Companions (love and brotherhood):
The followers of AlSunna and Algamaa know the virtue, lineage, and status of the honorable family of the Prophet.
Ibn al-Qayyim says in “Zad al-Ma’ad”: “He is the best of the people on earth by lineage, so his lineage of honor has the highest peak, and his enemies bore witness to that, and for this reason his enemy bore witness to him when Abu Sufyan was in the hands of the Roman king, so the people honored his people, and he honored them.” The tribes are his tribe, and the most honorable branch of his clan is his branch.
Allah Almighty has purified his family, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, from above seven heavens, and removed from them the filth of Satan. Allah Almighty said: ﴾Allah only intends to keep (all sorts of) filth away from you, O members of the family (of the prophet), and to make you pure through a perfect purification.﴿ [Surah Al-Ahzâb: 33]
On the authority of Abdullah bin Omar, our master Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him, says: “Watch Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, among his family.” Narrated by Al-Bukhari.
Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, said to our master Ali, may Allah be pleased with him: “By Allah, if I visit a relative of a Messenger that is more beloved to me than that I visit my own relative.” Sahih Al-Bukhari and Muslim.
On the authority of Abdullah bin Abbas, Omar bin Al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, used to say to the uncle of the Prophet, Al-Abbas bin Abdul Muttalib, may Allah be pleased with him: “By Allah, your conversion to Islam on the day you converted would have been more beloved to me than Al-Khattab’s conversion to Islam had he converted to Islam, and I only knew that your conversion to Islam was more beloved to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, is from Islam Al-Khattab.” The correct series, by Al-Albani.
Ibn Katheer said: The condition of the two sheikhs, may Allah be pleased with them, is what everyone must be like.
The approach of Ahlus-Sunnah wal-Jama’ah regarding the family of the Prophet:
Islam has commanded us to love them, honor them, and glorify their value without excess or negligence.
On the authority of Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, he said: The one who split the seed and created the breath made a covenant with the Prophet, “No one will love you except a believer, and no one will hate you except a hypocrite.” Narrated by Muslim.
Al-Tirmidhi narrated on the authority of Abu Saeed Al-Khudri, who said: The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: “Al-Hasan and Al-Hussein are the masters of the youth of the people of Paradise.”
Sheikh Al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah, may Allah Almighty have mercy on him, mentioned that the family of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, have rights that must be respected. Allah has given them a right to the fifth, and a right to the spoils, and the greatest thing about it is that Allah commanded us to pray for them with His Messenger in every prayer we pray, and that Allah gives it to whomever He wishes.
Do we not say: O Allah, bless Muhammad and the family of Muhammad, in every prayer that we pray and say, and there is no Muslim who does not say it, which indicates their virtue and status that only applies to those who adhere to the religion of Allah Almighty and follow His method.
Notable figures of the Noble Prophet’s House:
Ali bin Abi Talib
The name of Abu Talib is Abd Manaf Ibn Abd al-Muttalib Ibn Hashim Ibn Abd Manaf al-Qurashi al-Hashemi.
The cousin of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and the fourth of the Rightly Guided Caliphs. The Messenger of Allah nicknamed him Abu Turab.
The husband of Fatima, may Allah be pleased with her, the lady of the nation’s women, and the father of the two grandsons, Al-Hasan and Al-Hussein, the masters of the youth of the people of Paradise, may Allah be pleased with them. His marriage to Fatima was in the second year of the Hijra.
It was said that his mother Fatima bint Asad named him Ali after her father Asad (Haidara).
The time of his conversion to Islam:
He converted to Islam at the beginning of the blessed mission, and he was the second person to convert to Islam, after Khadija, and the first of the boys to convert to Islam.
Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, did not miss a battle undertaken by the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. He had heroic stances, and was one of the most steadfast companions during the fighting, so the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, gave him the banner in more than one battle. As for the Battle of Tabuk, the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, appointed him as his successor in charge of Medina and his family, and said to him: “You are to me what Aaron was to Moses, except that there will be no prophet after me.”
Ali was born on Rajab 13, 23 BC AH / March 17, 599 AD. He was martyred on Ramadan 21, 40 AH / January 27, 661 AD.
Fatima Al-Zahra,
may Allah be pleased with her
Fatima, daughter of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, son of Abdullah bin Abdul Muttalib bin Hashim bin Abdul Manaf, the lady of the women of the worlds, after Maryam bint Imran. Her mother is Khadija bint Khuwaylid, may Allah be pleased with her.
The mother of the two grandsons, the lords of the youth of the people of Paradise, the people most similar to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and the first of his family to follow him. Ali’s husband, may Allah be pleased with him, who was promised Paradise. She, may Allah be pleased with her, was one of the most beloved people to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.
Her mother: Khadija bint Khuwaylid bin Asad bin Abdul Uzza bin Qusay bin Kilab, the mistress of the women of this nation.
Naming “Fatima”:
Al-Khatib Al-Baghdadi and Ibn Hajar Al-Haytami said in Al-Sawa’iq Al-Muharraqah: “Allah named her Fatima because he weaned her and her lovers from Hell.” Al-Dailami narrated on the authority of Abu Hurairah in Sunan of Sayings and Actions: “She was named Fatima because Allah weaned her and her lovers from Hell.” Muhib al-Din al-Tabari said in Thakhir al-Uqabi: “Allah weaned her and her children from the Fire.”
“Her father’s mother”
She was called her father’s mother. The reason is because the Prophet, may Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him, was born an orphan, then his mother died when he was a young child, and he lived in Abu Talib’s house, and his uncle’s wife, Fatima bint Asad, cared for him and his heart was attached to her. He used to call her, “Mother,” and when she died, he was deeply saddened by her. Allah blessed him with Fatima, and whenever he saw her, he mentioned Fatima bint Asad, and that is why we called her her father’s mother.
It was said that she treated the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, like a mother treats her child. She cared for the Prophet, may Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him, with special care, like a mother’s care for her child. She bandaged her father’s wounds after battles or when the infidels attacked the Prophet, as they were harming him. She was like a merciful and compassionate mother to him, giving him her tenderness and love.
Her birth:
She was born five years before the prophetic mission and while the Quraysh were building the house on the day the Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, placed the Black Stone in its place.
She was called Al-Zahra
The title “Al-Zahra” was given to Fatima, may Allah be pleased with her, by many scholars, including Abu Zakaria al-Nawawi, Abu al-Hajjaj al-Mazzi, Abu Abdullah al-Dhahabi, Ibn Katheer al-Dimashqi, Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani, and others, and all of these are among the Muslim memorizers and scholars and those who can be emulated. Many modern scholars did not hesitate to give her this title, may Allah be pleased with her.
Sheikh Bakr Abu Zaid, may Allah have mercy on him, said: “Fatima Al-Zahra: Al-Zahra is the bright-faced, white, enlightened woman, and from him came the hadith in Surah Al-Baqarah and Al-Imran: (Al-Zahrawan), meaning: the two enlightening ones.” ()
Her virtues:
It is known that Fatima, may Allah be pleased with her, is the mistress of the women of this nation, on the authority of Maswar bin Makhramah that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: (Fatima is a part of me, so whoever makes her angry makes me angry) Narrated by Al-Bukhari. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to her: (O Fatima! Would you not be satisfied to be the mistress of the women of the believers, or the mistress of the women of this nation?) Narrated by Al-Bukhari. In Al-Tabarani’s narration and authenticated by Al-Albani: (Al-Hasan and Al-Hussein are the lords of the youth of the people of Paradise, except for the two sons of my maternal aunt, Isa, son of Mary, and Yahya bin Zakaria. And Fatima is the lord of the women of the people of Paradise, except for Maryam, daughter of Imran).
Her death
Ibn al-Atheer says that Fatima died six months after the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. This is the most correct thing that has been said, and she was not seen laughing after the death of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, until she died, may Allah be pleased with her.
She was the first of his family to join him, in confirmation of what he, may Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him, said.
Al-Hassan bin Ali,
Commander of the Faithful, may Allah be pleased with them both
He is Abu Muhammad al-Hasan bin Ali bin Abi Talib, the martyr, the grandson of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and his basil from this world. He is the master of the youth of the people of Paradise. His mother is Lady Fatima, daughter of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and his father is the Commander of the Faithful Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, and his grandmother is the Mother of the Believers. Khadija. He is the fifth of the Rightly Guided Caliphs and the person most similar to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.
He, may Allah be pleased with him, was born in Ramadan in the year three of the Prophet’s migration, according to the correct view. It was said: He was born in Shaban, and it was said: otherwise. Al-Layth bin Saad said: Fatima, daughter of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, gave birth to Al-Hasan bin Ali on the third of the month of Ramadan, and Al-Hussein was born at the beginning of the month of Shaban in the fourth year of the Hijra. ()
Ali bin Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with him, said: When Al-Hassan was born, I named him Harb. The Prophet, may Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him, came and said: “Show me my son. What have you named him?” We said: Harb (meaning war). He said: “No, rather it is Hasan.” When Hussein was born, I named him Harb. Then the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came and said: “Show me my son. What have you named him?” We said: Harb. He said: “Rather, it is Hussein.” . When the third was born, I named him Harb, and he said: Rather, he is Muhsin. Then he said: “I named them after the sons of Aaron: Shubhar, Shubayr, and Mushabbar.” ()
The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, gave permission for prayer in his ears and palate, may Allah be pleased with him, and he, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, ordered that his hair be shaved and his weight be given in charity in silver.
On the authority of Abu Bakra, he said: The Prophet was praying, and when he prostrated, Al-Hasan would come and ride on his back. When the Prophet, may Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him, raised his head, he would take him and place him gently on the ground. When he prostrated, he would ride on his back. When he prayed, he took him and placed him in his lap, and began to kiss him. A man said to him. :Are you doing this to this boy? He said: They are two basils, and perhaps Allah Almighty will reconcile two groups of Muslims through him. ()
His death, may Allah be pleased with him.
There was disagreement about the time of Al-Hasan’s death, and most opinions are that he died in the year 49 AH, and it was said that he died in the year 50 AH, and he died when he was forty-seven years old, or forty-eight years old. It was narrated that before his death, he saw a vision as if between his eyes was written, “Say, He is Allah, One.” Saeed bin Al-Musayyab interpreted it as meaning that his time had approached.
Imam Hussein.
May Allah be pleased with him.
His name and surname:
He is Abu Abdullah Al-Hussein bin Ali bin Abi Talib bin Abdul Muttalib bin Hashim, the grandson of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and his basil and beloved one, the son of the daughter of the Messenger of Allah, Fatima, may Allah be pleased with her.
He is one of the wearers of the Messenger’s robe, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, as stated in the hadith on the authority of Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her: The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went out in the morning wearing a loose band of black hair, then Al-Hassan bin Ali came and let him in, then Al-Hussein came and entered with him, then Fatima came and he let her in, then he came. Ali entered it, then said: ﴾Allah only intends to keep (all sorts of) filth away from you, O members of the family (of the prophet), and to make you pure through a perfect purification.﴿ ()
His birth.
The date of his birth differed, and the most likely opinion is that he was born in the month of Shaban in the year four of the Hijra, specifically on the 5th of Shaban, and it was said that it was the 3rd of Shaban.
And after his birth, he was brought to the Prophet Muhammad, may Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him, and he announced the prayer in his ears, and performed the aqeeqah on his behalf with a ram, as he did with his brother Al-Hasan. He would take him with him to the Prophet’s Mosque during times of prayer, and he would lead the people in prayer. He would ride on his noble back while he was prostrating, and the Prophet would carry him on his shoulders. He kisses him, caresses him, puts him on his lap, and performs ruqyah on him. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, died in the year 11 AH, and Al-Hussein, may Allah be pleased with him, was between six and seven years old at that time.
Among of his virtues, may Allah be pleased with him.
There are many hadiths about his virtues, including:
What Ahmad narrated with his chain of transmission to Ya’la Al-Amiri, may Allah be pleased with him, is that he went out with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him; Meaning, to food for which they were invited. He said, so the Messenger of Allah, may Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him, appeared in front of the people, and Hussein was with some boys playing. So the Messenger of Allah, may Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him, wanted to take him, so the boy started running away here and there at times, so the Prophet, may Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him, made him laugh until he took him. He said: So he put one of his hands under his neck and the other under his chin, and he put his mouth and kissed him and said: “Hussein is from me and I am from Hussein. Oh Allah, love whoever loves Hussein. Hussein is one of the tribes.”
The Companions loved him
Sunni and Shiite books testify that the honorable companions always showed their love and reverence for the Prophet’s family. During the reign of Omar bin Al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, he revered the two grandsons, Al-Hasan and Al-Hussein, and gave them a share of the spoils.
The Messenger, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, informed of the killing of Al-Hussein, may Allah be pleased with him:
On the authority of Umm Salamah, may Allah be pleased with her, she said: Gabriel was with the Prophet, may Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him, and Al-Hussein was with me, so Al-Hussein cried, so I left him, so he entered upon the Prophet, may Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him, and he came closer to the Prophet, may Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him, and Gabriel said: Do you love him, Muhammad? He said: Yes. He said: Your nation will kill him, and if you wish, I showed you some of the soil of the land with which he would be killed. He showed him it, and lo, the land is called Karbala. ()
The location of Hussein’s head, may Allah be pleased with him.
Sheikh Al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah says: What the people of knowledge favored regarding the location of the head of Al-Hussein bin Ali, may Allah be pleased with them both, is what Al-Zubair bin Bakkar mentioned in the book “The Genealogies of Quraysh,” and Al-Zubair bin Bakkar is one of the most knowledgeable and trustworthy people in such matters. He mentioned that the head was carried to the Prophet’s city and buried there.
May Allah Almighty be pleased with the honorable companions and his pure and eminent family, and may Allah grant us their companionship in Paradise.